QTP - Interview Question Bank : Part 2

Q. 11: What is a Virtual Object in QTP?
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Since sometimes complex objects are not recognized & recorded properly by QTP. Hence an experienced user can define that object as a personal virtual object and build a virtual object repository. This way by the concept of Virtual Object, the user can add some sort of support for such complex objects.

If it is possible to extract the desired information from the object, we can do successful record and playback against that object.

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Q. 12: How results are generated in QTP?
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At the end of the test, QTP generates a result file for the test cases, which is in the form of a XML tree.

This results file provides detail regarding 'Pass' or 'Fail' counts, error messages, and all supporting information which allows the user to diagnose the main cause of a failure.
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Q. 13: How many types of main views of a script are available in QTP?===================================================
QTP provides two main views of a script. These are

1) Keyword View: is the default test procedure interface of QTP & is most useful for the beginners. It displays the automation steps of a test procedure as a descriptive tree of Actions and functions. The tree contains columns listing the Action or function name, any parameters, and comments.

2) Expert View: is most suitable for the advanced users, enabling them to customize the test, like writing user-defined functions. It is meant for displaying and editing of the source code of the test. Except for the root Global action, all other test actions can be edited here. Expert View acts as an IDE for the test. It includes most standard IDE features, such as breakpoints.

Both Keyword View & the Expert View can be selected from tabs available at the bottom of the QTP window.
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Q. 14: What is a Checkpoint?
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In QTP, Checkpoint is used to verify the application under test. It can introduce a checkpoint to verify as to whether a particular object, text or a bitmap is present in the automation run.
During a test execution, a checkpoint verifies that the behavior or state of the actual application is consistent with the expected application or not.

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Q. 15: How many types of Checkpoints are available in QTP
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1) Standard Checkpoint - for checking the properties of an object.
2) Table Checkpoint - for checking the properties of a table.
3) Image Checkpoint - for checking the properties of an image.
4) Bitmap Checkpoint - for comparing an area of the application under test pixel-by-pixel with the screen as seen at record-time.
5) Database Checkpoint - for automating the back-end testing.
6) Text Checkpoint - for checking that a section of text is found between two other sections of text.
7) Text Area Checkpoint
8) Page Checkpoint - for checking the properties of a web page.
9) Accessibility Checkpoint - for checking the accessibility of an application.
10) XML Checkpoint

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Q. 16: What is the use of Text output value in QTP? ========================================
Text Output values enable us to view the values which are taken by the application during the run time. If parameterized, the values change for every iteration. Hence by creating output values, we can capture the values which are taken by the application during the run time and output them to the data table.

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Q. 17: What's the difference between a Checkpoint and Output Value?=================================================
Checkpoint only checks for the specific attribute of an object in AUT while Output value can output those attributes value to a column in data table.

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Q. 18: How can we Disable Smart Identification During the Run Session?==================================================
Selection of the option "Disable Smart Identification during the run session", Instructs QTP not to use the Smart Identification mechanism during the run session.

When we select this option, the Enable Smart Identification check boxes in the Object Properties and Object Repository dialog boxes get disabled, although the settings are saved. However when you clear this option, the Enable Smart Identification check boxes return to their previous on or off setting.

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Q. 19: What are the Properties used by Smart Identification Feature of QTP?=====================================================
1) Base filter properties: Are the most fundamental properties of a particular test object class. Her we can not change their values without changing the essence of the original object.

2) Optional filter properties: Are other properties, which help us in identifying the objects of a particular class since these are not likely to get changed frequently. These properties can be ignored in case these are not applicable any more.

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Q. 20: How can we check if an environment variable exists or not? ====================================================
When we use Environment("Param1").value then QTP expects the environment variable to be already defined. But when we use Environment.value("Param1") then QTP will create a new internal environment variable if it does not exists already. So to be sure that variable exist in the environment try using Environment("Param1").value.

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